Between 4 000 to 10 000 words (from introduction to conclusions without tables / figures / equations).

Contact Editorial Office if you want to submit an article that exceeds the abovementioned size.

You can submit article in:

• English. Please make sure that your article adheres to only one of the following spelling rules: British or American;
• Ukrainian.

For Ukrainian scientists and researchers, we recommend submitting your article in English since it helps you to attract more readers.

The Cover Letter should provide general information about the work and the authors. Please make sure that everything here is correct, since some information we will use during the editorial process.

When submitting an article, the authors must give their consent in the cover letter to submit it for the editorial process and confirm that they are familiar with the basic rules of the editorial policy and are ready to comply with them.

The cover letter can be signed by hand or using a qualified electronic signature. If the corresponding author signs the letter on behalf of the co-authors, he must also sign a statement that he is authorized by them.

We accept article only in MS Word format. It should be easily readable with clear style subordination and without internal references. Make sure that all the elements of the figures/tables are visible for further style editing. Please note that the title of the article and the abstract are provided in Ukrainian and English. For authors who do not know Ukrainian, the editors provide a qualified translation from English to Ukrainian. Please contact us to sed@ieu.edu.ua in case of such need.

You can use our MS Word template if you want to speed up review time.

Please provide the following information regarding each author of the article:

• first name and last name

Importantly! Please ensure that you write those elements correctly, since we will reproduce them without verification;

• academic degree and academic rank;
• current position and affiliation;
• city and country of affiliation;
• email address (if the article has more than one author, indicate who will be the corresponding one);
• contact number;
• link to ORCID.

Take note! Since the journal uses double anonymized review, we will ask you to provide the abovementioned information in a separate file using Cover Letter form and submit it alongside your article.

If the submitted article has several authors, the corresponding one should define the individual contribution of each person.

We use the CRediT taxonomy, which provides a list of author contribution roles with their explanations.

Please fill out our Cover letter form regarding author contributions and submit it alongside your article.

If you do not check the boxes in the “Author Contributions” section of the Cover Letter form, we will use the following text in the article: “All authors have contributed equally”.

Make sure that all authors are familiar with the ICMJE requirements and meet all four criteria for authorship. Otherwise, state those persons in the “Acknowledgment” section.

This part of the article is optional. Please inform anyone whom you acknowledge, since it is a matter of courtesy.

Please note that the people you want to acknowledge should be relevant to your article. You should also indicate how these people helped with your work.

We may ask you to provide written consent from all acknowledged individuals.

Please disclose all sources of funding or choose:

Make sure you identify the funder correctly, since errors may affect your future funding.

Please state whether any authors have a conflict of interest that could affect the text of the article or choose:

For more information regarding conflict of interest, please see our Publishing Ethics.

The title should reflect the main idea of ​​the article, the subject of the research, and not just the result. It should be concise and informative, without any abbreviations and formulas if they are not known worldwide. There is no prescribed limit for title length, but we recommend that you do not exceed 15 words.

The abstract should state briefly the importance of your article:

• purpose of the research;
• principal results;
• main conclusions.

The abstract must not exceed 300 words.

Take note! References and footnotes should be avoided.

Please provide up to 10 keywords (words, phrases, or acronyms) describing the content of your article.

Take note! We advise you to use simple and short word combinations, since long keywords can mislead indexers.

Please include at least one JEL code regarding your article. You are also welcome to provide several codes depending on the subject area of your article.

The introduction should outline the issues studied in the paper and substantiate the relevance to readers. Please be concise and try to avoid using tables and figures in this section.

This section should convey to readers the novelty of your article (e.g., unsolved issues) concerning existing achievements in earlier studies. We accept an article only with a detailed literature review, not a summary of the sources or a list of authors.

Please note that the analysis of relevant literature should be studied globally. If the literature review is limited exclusively to the author’s own country of residence or work (and/or adjacent territories), it is necessary to mention the reasons and expediency of such a narrow review.

When setting the goal and objectives of the research, note that they must be related to each other and to the unsolved part of the problem highlighted in the Literature Review.

Please describe the methods (methodology) of your study in a way, that readers can reproduce the study and come to the same conclusions. Briefly describe commonly known methods and give appropriate references to them. Make sure that your own methods are clear to read and described in detail.

If you use any software/database, please indicate its name and version. We advise you to explain the selection of a specific database among similar ones.

Please provide the findings of your study in a logical sequence without their interpretations.

Make sure you do not duplicate data from tables and figures through the text of the article excessively. Focus readers’ attention on the most important results of the provided table/figure.

Do not use figures and tables where it would be better to format them as regular text.

Please provide the interpretation of obtained results and compare them with the results of previous studies. Highlight the limitations of your study. Add conclusions if the discussion section is short and simple to read.

Please state your main conclusions and suggest directions for future studies.

Make sure that the conclusions are logically related to the purpose of the study and to any objectives you have identified.

All references should be provided in English in the style of the APA. You can check the latest style standards via this link or this link .

Make sure that:

• references are alphabetical;
• a DOI is included (if available);
• URL works correctly;
• transliteration of non-English titles is done properly (instruction on transliteration).

Introduce any abbreviation only where multiple uses are made through the article, and define them at the first occurrence.

Please ensure that your tables meet the following criteria:

• Tables are editable (are not images);
• Every table has a brief title;
• Tables are simple to read and understand. Avoid excessive use of words;
• Cells without colored text and shading.

Tables should be placed within the text of the article.

You can also provide tables in landscape orientation but make sure that this format only applies to the table and not to the entire article.

Please ensure that your figures (charts, diagrams, line drawings, webpages/screenshots, and photographic images) meet the following criteria:

• Every figure has a brief title;
• Figures are simple to read and understand;
• Figures must be at the highest possible dpi (no lower than 300 dpi);
• Figures should be placed within the text of the article.

Figures should be placed within the text of the article.

You can also provide figures in landscape orientation but make sure that this format only applies to the figure and not to the entire article.

If your figure is created in an MS Office application, please make sure you provide us with its editable format.

Regardless of the figure’s origin, you should provide us with their electronic version in JPG, EPS, or PNG format.

The numbering of figures should coincide with their numbering in the text of the article.

Please submit math equations as editable text.

We expect that you will avoid creating external materials since their appearance will affect the perception of the article by readers of the printed version.

Citations and Quotations should be formatted in APA style.

Quotations of text of other works (including author’s own works) should be presented in quotation marks with the corresponding reference.

Where available, URLs for the references have been provided.